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John Lindsey
25th October 2000, 19:00
Niwa usually means "tei-en" (a garden) nowadays.
Historically, niwa meant a place where people bartered with each other,
enjoyed folk entertainment or held the Buddhist service / the Shinto ritual.
Moreover, the public square for a meeting or a trial was also called niwa.
I think many members may have seen trial scenes that "To-o-yama no Kin san"
or "Oo-oka Echizen no kami" delivers judgment on culprits bound on "niwa"
in Japanese historical dramas on TV.
--- S. Shingai

This message was posted with permission from the Nippon Culture mail list. Shingai san runs the mail list and is not a member of e-budo. Visit: http://www.yk.rim.or.jp/~planet/index.html for information on the list